Kufananiza ndi kutchera khutu ku zinthu ziwiri kapena zingapo kuti mupeze maubwenzi awo kapena kuganizira za kusiyana kwawo kapena kufanana kwawo.

Kusiyana kwake ndi khalidwe kapena ngozi imene chinthu china chimasiyanitsidwa ndi china, kapena kusiyanasiyana kwa zinthu za mtundu womwewo.

Kufanana ndi kufanana mu mtengo, kuyerekezera, mphamvu kapena kuchita bwino kwa zinthu ziwiri kapena zingapo kapena anthu.

Kufanana ndiko kugwirizana kwa chinthu ndi chinthu china m'chilengedwe, mawonekedwe, ubwino kapena kuchuluka kwake, kapena makalata ndi gawo lomwe limabwera kuchokera ku zigawo zambiri zomwe zimalemba zonse mofanana.

Musanafananize, m'pofunika kuganizira "Kodi tingafananize chiyani" kapena m'malo mwake, "Ndi mbali ziti zofananitsa zomwe zingakhalepo?". Ndi cholinga chokonzekera ndi kukonza madera onse ndi madera a chidziwitso, tafotokozera madera ena ndi mndandanda umene amapangidwira.

Pali mbali zitatu zazikulu: chilengedwe, munthu ndi zomwe munthu amachita. Madera awa ndi mndandanda womwe amapangidwira amatsimikizira kuti ndi mbali ziti zomwe tingathe kufotokozera chinthu komanso momwe tingagwiritsire ntchito zinthu zosiyana ndi wina ndi mzake.

Mkati mwa zomwe munthu amachita, timawunikira chikhalidwe ndi chikhalidwe. Kuyerekezera kumodzi kofunikira ndiko kuyerekeza kwa madera osiyanasiyana ndi zikhalidwe zosiyanasiyana. Zofananitsa zina, zachikhalidwe, zomwe zimagwirizana kwambiri ndi kuyerekezera kwa nyengo kapena mbiri yakale.

Kodi tingayerekezere ndi chiyani?

• Ndi zinthu zina zofanana "taxonomic level" mu nkhani

• Ndi zinthu zofanana kapena zapafupi zomwe zingayambitse chisokonezo pakati pawo

• Ndi mawu osiyanasiyana, mawu kapena malingaliro a tanthauzo lofanana kapena losiyana

Kufananiza molingana ndi nkhani:

• La chilengedwe: Tomato m'chilengedwe monga chamoyo, ngati chomera ...
• El munthu: phwetekere pokhudzana ndi munthu: imayimira chiyani kwa iye, imatanthauza chiyani ...
• Zomwe munthu amachita: Kodi munthu amatani ndi phwetekere? Amabzala, amaphika, amadya ...
• Munda maphunziro asayansi / maphunziro: Tomato kwa katswiri wa zamoyo si wofanana ndi phwetekere kwa katswiri wa zaulimi kapena wasayansi.
• El kugwiritsa ntchito: Wophika amagwiritsa ntchito phwetekere pophika mbale, mlimi amalima phwetekere, wonyamula katundu amanyamula phwetekere kumalo ena kupita kwina, wogulitsa zipatso amagulitsa phwetekereyo kwa anthu onse, ndipo kwa katswiri wa zakudya tomato ali ndi zakudya zopatsa thanzi komanso mavitamini ena.

Malinga ndi tanthauzo lodziwika bwino la gulu lomwe lapatsidwa. Mwachitsanzo, m’tauni ya Valencia ya Buñol phwetekere ndi chizindikiro cha chikondwerero chake chachikulu, tomatina.

• Mogwirizana ndi umunthu
• Mogwirizana ndi kumverera - kuzindikira
• Kupyolera mu malingaliro athu
• Kupyolera mu chidziwitso chathu

Mitundu ya njira zofananira zitha kufotokozedwa mwachidule kudzera munjira ziwiri zoyambirira mwa zisanu zophunzitsira za wafilosofi John Stuart Mill: njira ya concordance, yomwe ili ndi phunziroli lomwe limayang'ana pamikhalidwe yomwe imagwirizana, komanso njira yosiyana, yomwe ili ndi kafukufukuyu. yang'anani kwambiri pamakhalidwe omwe amasiyana.

Pogwirizana ndi kusiyana kumeneku pakati pa mgwirizano ndi kusiyana, ndizothekanso kusiyanitsa pakati pa zomwe zimatchedwa mapangidwe a machitidwe ofanana kwambiri, omwe ali ndi kuyerekezera milandu yofanana ndi wina ndi mzake momwe angathere, ndi mapangidwe a machitidwe osiyana kwambiri; zomwe zimakhala ndi kufananiza milandu momwe ndingathere.

Kuphatikizika kwa njira ya concordance, njira yosiyana, mapangidwe a machitidwe ofanana kwambiri ndi mapangidwe a machitidwe osiyana kwambiri amabweretsa mitundu inayi ya njira zofananira:

• Phunzirani kufanana muzochitika zofanana ndi wina ndi mzake.
• Phunzirani kufanana muzochitika zosiyanasiyana.
• Phunzirani kusiyana muzochitika zofanana ndi wina ndi mzake.
• Phunzirani kusiyana muzochitika zosiyanasiyana kuchokera kwa wina ndi mzake.

Mwachitsanzo: kudziwa kuti ndi mankhwala ati omwe amachiritsa matenda, zotsatirazi zitha kuphunziridwa:

• Ndi mankhwala ati omwe amaphatikizana mumankhwala angapo ofanana.
• Ndi mankhwala ati omwe amagwirizana mumitundu ingapo yamankhwala.
• Ndi mankhwala ati omwe ali osiyana mu mankhwala osiyanasiyana ofanana ndi mzake.
• Ndi mankhwala ati omwe ali osiyana mumitundu yosiyanasiyana yamankhwala kuchokera kwa wina ndi mzake.