Kurongeka kwekushandiswa kwemaitiro izano rinoshanduka. Zvichienderana nepurojekiti, kurongeka uku kunogona kushanduka, uye dzimwe nzira dzinozoda kushandiswa zvakafanana.

Tinogona kusiyanisa pakati pemhando mbiri dzenzira, zvichienderana nebasa radzo. Iyo lexical, semantic uye conceptual nzira, iyo classificatory nzira uye yekuenzanisa nzira inogona kutariswa. nzira dzinogonesa, izvo zvinoita kuti kushandiswa kweiyo systemic nzira uye nhoroondo nzira, nepo systemic nzira uye nhoroondo nzira inogona kutariswa. nzira dzekugadzirisa mamiriro ezvinhu, ayo anodudzira uye anopa revo kune zviri pamusoro.

Naizvozvo, musimboti, iyo lexical, semantic uye conceptual nzira, iyo classificatory nzira uye nzira yekuenzanisa inoshandiswa kutanga, mukuwirirana, uye nzira yehurongwa uye nzira yenhoroondo inobva yashandwa, imwe pashure peimwe, kunyange zvazvo pane kubatanidza, sechikamu chelexical, semantic uye conceptual nzira inodzidza mavambo uye kushanduka kwemazwi, iyo inobatanidza nenzira yenhoroondo.

Chaizvoizvo nzira dzose dzine nzvimbo dzekubatanidza nevamwe, uye kurongeka kwemashandisirwo kucharatidzwa nezvakati wandei zvinokonzeresa, kunyanya kuomarara kwechidzidzo uye mwero wekudzika kwepurojekiti yekutsvagisa.

Kana iyo nyaya yakanyanya kuomarara, kana kudzika nhanho yepurojekiti yekutsvagisa ichifanirwa kunge yakakura kwazvo, zvichave zvakafanira kushanda pane zvese zvinogoneka kubatana pakati penzira, uye nekudaro kushanda. nzira shanu dzakafanana.

NZIRA DZOKUDZIDZA, SEMANTIC UYE FUNGANIDZO

NEKUGARA NZIRA

Izvo zvinotsanangurwa nelexical, semantic uye conceptual nzira, ndiyo iyo ine classificatory nzira ichafanirwa kurongeka.
Kana paine tsananguro dzakati wandei dzeizwi rimwe chete, zvinodikanwa kuti utarise kubva kune akasiyana maprism, ayo anoenzana nemapoka akasiyana.

NEKUKENANISA NZIRA

Iyo yekuenzanisa nzira inobatsira kusimbisa tsananguro dzelexical, semantic uye conceptual nzira.
Kana tsananguro dzakasiyana pamusoro pechidzidzo dzichienzaniswa neimwe, uye kufanana nekusiyana zvichionekwa, zvinobatsira kuziva kuti chii uye chii chisiri chii.
Chikamu chechirevo chemazwi, semantic uye chepfungwa chinotarisa pane etymology yemazwi chinobatanidzwa nenzira yekuenzanisa, nokuti inosanganisira kuenzanisa pakati pezvibodzwa zvakasiyana mukushanduka kwezwi munhoroondo yose.

NE SYSTEMIC METHOD

Izvo zvinotsanangurwa nelexical, semantic uye conceptual nzira, ndizvo zvine systemic nzira inodiwa kuisa maererano ne:
Nature.
Munhu.
Zvinoitwa nemunhu: minda, zvikamu, zviitiko zvehupfumi uye hunyanzvi.
Iyo kambani uye zvinhu zvayo.
Ruzivo uye ruzivo rwakawanikwa kubva kune systemic nzira inogona kubatsira kuenderera mberi nekuvandudza tsananguro. Mabasa emudzidzi uye zvirango zvinopa maonero akasiyana e semantics.

NENZIRA YENHOROONDO

Chikamu chelexical, semantic uye conceptual method inotarisa pane etymology yemazwi, inosanganisira kutsvaga kwakabva nekushanduka kwemazwi, uye panguva ino yave kutotanga kuona kuti yakashanduka sei munhoroondo yese kwete izwi chete asi. nyaya yekudzidza zvakazara.
Kudzidza nhoroondo kunobatsira kutsanangura.

NZIRA DZOKUenzanisa

NE LEXICAL, SEMANTIC UYE CONCEPTUAL METHOD

Iyo yekuenzanisa nzira inobatsira kusimbisa tsananguro dzelexical, semantic uye conceptual nzira.
Kana tsananguro dzakasiyana pamusoro pechidzidzo dzichienzaniswa neimwe, uye kufanana nekusiyana zvichionekwa, zvinobatsira kuziva kuti chii uye chii chisiri chii.
Chikamu chechirevo chemazwi, semantic uye chepfungwa chinotarisa pane etymology yemazwi chakabatana nenzira yekuenzanisa, nekuti inosanganisira kuenzanisa pakati pezvibodzwa zvakasiyana mukushanduka kwezwi munhoroondo yose.

NEKUGARA NZIRA

Chinzvimbo inzira yekuenzanisa.
Pane kubatana kana tikazvibvunza typologies yezvinhu zvatinogona
enzanisa. Kuita kupatsanura usati watanga kuenzanisa kunotitendera
ziva zvese zvinogoneka kuenzanisa

NE SYSTEMIC METHOD

Ruzivo uye ruzivo rwakawanikwa kubva kune systemic nzira inogona kubatsira kukudziridza kuenzanisa zvakare.
Isu tinofananidza nyaya yekudzidza kubva pamaonero eakasiyana maprofessional, zvidzidzo zvedzidzo, zviitiko zvehupfumi, zvikamu kana nzvimbo.

NENZIRA YENHOROONDO

Nenzira yekuenzanisa, mucherechedzo wenhoroondo unotobuda. Kana isu tichida kuziva kushanduka kwechinhu chero chipi zvacho chekudzidza, tinofananidza zvachaive nezvachiri nhasi.
Kudzidza nhoroondo kunobatsira kuita kuenzanisa

NZIRA YOKUDZIDZISA

NE LEXICAL, SEMANTIC UYE CONCEPTUAL METHOD

Izvo zvinotsanangurwa nelexical, semantic uye conceptual nzira, ndiyo iyo ine classificatory nzira ichave yakakodzera kurongedza.
Kana paine tsananguro dzakasiyana dzeizwi rimwe chete, zvinodikanwa kuti utarise kubva kune akasiyana maprism, ayo akaenzana nemapoka akasiyana.

NEKUKENANISA NZIRA

Chinzvimbo inzira yekuenzanisa.
Pane kubatana patinozvibvunza nezvemhando dzezvinhu zvatinogona kuenzanisa. Kuita kupatsanura usati watanga kuenzanisa kunotibvumira kuziva zvese zvinogoneka kuenzanisa.

NE SYSTEMIC METHOD

Nzira yekupatsanura inotibatsira kuti tiwane ruzivo rwatinozowedzera nekudzidza maererano nemaitiro ehurongwa.
Iyo systemic nzira inotibatsira kuti tiite zvikamu, uye inotibvumira kukudziridza yakadzama kupatsanurwa, maererano neimwe nzira, iyo yakavakirwa pane system theory uye system taxonomy.

NENZIRA YENHOROONDO

Iyo yenhoroondo nzira inoraira iyo data yakavakirwa pane zvakakosha uye paradigms, uye zvakare zvinoenderana ne taxonomies, kuitira kuti inobatsira kurongedza.
Shanduko yechinhu chekudzidza munhoroondo yese, kubva payakabva kusvika parizvino, inosanganisirawo shanduko yezvikamu zvakasiyana.

SYSTEMIC NZIRA

NE LEXICAL, SEMANTIC UYE CONCEPTUAL METHOD

Izvo zvinotsanangurwa nelexical, semantic uye conceptual nzira, ndizvo zvine systemic nzira inodiwa kuisa maererano ne:
Nature.
Munhu.
Zvinoitwa nemunhu: minda, zvikamu, zviitiko zvehupfumi uye hunyanzvi.
Iyo kambani uye zvinhu zvayo.
Ruzivo uye ruzivo rwakawanikwa kubva kune systemic nzira inogona kubatsira kuenderera mberi nekuvandudza tsananguro. Mabasa emudzidzi uye zvirango zvinopa maonero akasiyana e semantics.

NEKUGARA NZIRA

Nzira yekupatsanura inotibatsira kuti tiwane ruzivo rwatinozowedzera nekudzidza maererano nemaitiro ehurongwa.
Iyo systemic nzira inotibatsira kuti tiite zvikamu, uye inotibvumira kukudziridza yakadzama kupatsanurwa, maererano neimwe nzira, iyo yakavakirwa pane system theory uye system taxonomy.

NEKUKENANISA NZIRA

Ruzivo uye ruzivo rwakawanikwa kubva kune systemic nzira inogona kubatsira kukudziridza kuenzanisa zvakare.
Isu tinofananidza chidzidzo chekudzidza kubva pakuona kwehunyanzvi hwakasiyana, dzidziso dzedzidzo, zviitiko zvehupfumi, zvikamu kana minda.

NENZIRA YENHOROONDO

Kunzwisisa masisitimu kunobatsira pakuongorora nyaya.
Kusiyana neizvi, nenzira yezvakaitika kare zvinokwanisika kudzika ruzivo rwakagadzirwa nehurongwa hwehurongwa, huchibatanidza maonero ezvakaitika kare, kudzidza kushanduka kwemafungiro mumakore ose. Izvi zvichabatsira kune ramangwana basa pane chinhu chekudzidza.
Zvikamu izvo nzira yehurongwa inotipa makabati, masherufu uye madhirowa uko kuchengetedza ruzivo rwenhoroondo nzira.

NZIRA DZENHOROONDO

NE LEXICAL, SEMANTIC UYE CONCEPTUAL METHOD

Chikamu chelexical, semantic uye conceptual nzira inotarisa pane etymology yemazwi, inosanganisira kutsvaga kwakabva uye kushanduka kwemazwi, uye panguva ino munhu anotanga kuona kuti zvakafamba sei munhoroondo yese, kwete izwi chete asi chidzidzo chekudzidza zvakazara.
Kudzidza nhoroondo kunobatsira kutsanangura.

NEKUGARA NZIRA

Iyo yenhoroondo nzira inoraira iyo data yakavakirwa pane zvakakosha uye paradigms, uye zvakare zvinoenderana ne taxonomies, kuitira kuti inobatsira kurongedza.
Shanduko yechinhu chakadzidzwa munhoroondo yese, kubva kwayakabva kusvika parizvino, inosanganisirawo shanduko yezvikamu zvakasiyana.

NEKUKENANISA NZIRA

Nenzira yekuenzanisa, mucherechedzo wenhoroondo unotobuda. Kana isu tichida kuziva kushanduka kwechinhu chero chipi zvacho chekudzidza, tinofananidza zvachaive nezvachiri nhasi.
Kudzidza nhoroondo kunobatsira kuita kuenzanisa.

NENZIRA YENHOROONDO

Kunzwisisa masisitimu kunobatsira pakuongorora nyaya.
Kusiyana neizvi, nenzira yezvakaitika kare zvinokwanisika kudzamisa ruzivo rwakagadzirwa nenzira yehurongwa, ichibatanidza maonero ezvakaitika kare, kudzidza kushanduka kwemafungiro mumakore ose. Izvi zvichabatsira kushanda mune ramangwana rechinhu chekudzidza.
Zvikamu izvo nzira yehurongwa inotipa makabati, masherufu uye madhirowa uko kuchengetedza ruzivo rwenhoroondo nzira.

Zviitiko zvenhoroondo zvinorongwa sei?

Tevere, isu tichatarisa madomain uye sub-domains mune imwe neimwe yeinotevera nguva dzenhoroondo: Paleolithic, Neolithic, Middle Ages, Mazuva Ano, uye Contemporary Ages. Kune yega yega domain uye subscope mune imwe neimwe yenguva, isu ticharatidza zvakakosha zvakanyanya.

TAXONOMY INE NYAYA NENYIKA YEBHUSINESS

Munhu anoita zvinhu nemaonero ake, vamwe kubva kukambani.
Isu tinotarisa kune kambani. Mune mamwe mazwi, chero chatinoda kunzwisisa chinhu chekambani.