Shanduro iyi inongoerekana yaitika
SYSTEMIC NZIRA
ZVIMWE ZVINOGONA
Sapiens' systemic nzira yakavakirwa pahurongwa hwedzidziso, iyo interdisciplinary theoretical ndima yakatsaurirwa kukufunda kwemasystem. Sisitimu inogona kutsanangurwa seti chero seti yezvikamu zvakabatana uye zvinoenderana.
Iyi ndima yedzidziso ine mabviro ayo mubhayoroji, uye kunyanya mudzidziso huru yehurongwa hwemudzidzi webhayoroji Ludwig von Bertalanffy, ane simba guru muzvidzidzo zvesainzi zvakawanda kupfuura biology, uye zvinoramba zviri chirevo chakakosha pakuongorora. marudzi ehurongwa.
Chero chinhu chiri mukati mehurongwa, uye masisitimu anoumbwa nemamwe masisitimu. Pakutanga, Big Bang yakasimudza masisitimu ekutanga, ayo ane mamwe masisitimu.
Zvisikwa zvakazara ihurongwa mukati umo mune mamwe masisitimu, senge sisitimu inoumbwa nezvisikwa zvipenyu: microorganisms, fungi,
zvirimwa, mhuka ... Kushanduka kwezvinhu zvipenyu kwakagadzira hurongwa hutsva, humwe hwakaoma kunzwisisa, hwakaita semhuka.
Munhu wega wega, muviri wega wega, ihurongwa zvakare, hwakaumbwa nehurongwa hwakawanda: iyo yekufema system, lymphatic system, tsinga ... Masisitimu ese aya akabatana kune mumwe nemumwe. Kunyange sero rimwe chete igadziriro ine zvinhu zvakawanda zvakabatanidzwa kune chimwe nechimwe.
Systems theory yakashanduka, uye nheyo imwechete yakashandiswa kune izvo vanhu vanoita, kumagariro evanhu, uye naizvozvo zvakare kune zvehupfumi uye bhizinesi, kunyanya nemipiro yaPeter Senge, uyo akagadzira pfungwa yebhizimisi sangano sehurongwa uye ane hurongwa hwekufunga, hwaro hwepfungwa hunobva padzidziso yehurongwa, uye pfungwa yemasangano akangwara, kana masangano ari masisitimu anokwanisa kudzidza.
Kutanga kubva papfungwa dzekutanga dzemasystems theory uye masystem kufunga, takagadzira yedu dudziro, umo tinosanganisa izvo zvatakadzidza munzira yedu yese, yatakadaidza kuti "muvakidzani systemic kufunga", uye chikumbiro chekunyorera padanho rinosvikika.
Theory yeSystems inozivikanwa zvishoma kune veruzhinji asi ichinyatsozivikanwa mumunda wesocial science, uye kune nyanzvi mune masisitimu theory kunyanya mundima yebhizinesi, nehuinjiniya, kunyanya musainzi yekombuta, asi nyanzvi idzi dzinoishandisa kune chaiyo chaiyo. munda uye pamwero wakanyanya. NeSapiens, tinokurudzira chirongwa chekuishandisa nenzira inotenderera uye pamwero unokwanisika.
Kududzirwa kwedu kwemaitiro ekufunga kwakanangana nebhizimusi renyika, uye tinoipatsanura kuita mabhuroko maviri makuru. Kune rumwe rutivi, chinhu chekudzidza chinofanira kuiswa mumamiriro ayo, kusanganisira zvisikwa, munhu uye chiito chemunhu, izvo zvinosanganisira nyika yose yehupfumi uye bhizinesi. Nekune rimwe divi, systemic ongororo inofanirwa kushandiswa kuhurongwa hwekambani.
Kune mamwe makambani ane hukama hwakananga nemasikirwo kana nevanhu, semuenzaniso makambani emagetsi kana makambani emishonga, uye mamwe makambani asina hukama hwakananga uhu. Asi makambani ese anokurukurirana nemasikirwo uye anofanirwa kufunga nezvekusimudzira, uye vane vanhu vari chikamu chechikwata chavo nevatengi, uye vanofanirwa kufunga nezve chikamu chevanhu.
Kutanga, isu tine taxonomy yekuisa chinhu chekudzidza maererano nemasikirwo. Semuenzaniso, mukati mePasi mune mhepo, hydrosphere, geosphere uye biosphere, mukati meiyo biosphere nezvikamu zvayo, mune maruva nemhuka, uye mukati memhuka, mune munhu uye dzimwe mhuka.
Chechipiri, taxonomy yekuisa chinhu chekudzidza maererano ne
munhu. Isu tinosiyanisa pakati pechimiro chemuviri, nemuviri nehurongwa hwawo, uye
psychic chimiro, nepfungwa, uye isu tinosimbisawo zvinhu zvakaita semanzwiro
uye kudzidza.
Chechitatu, taxonomies kutsvaga chinhu chekudzidza maererano nezvinoitwa nemunhu. Panotangira zvinodiwa nevanhu. Semuyenzaniso: kubereka, kufema, kudya, kufunga, kuva nekutenda, kutsvaga rudo, kuwana mari ...
Zvinodikanwa zvinozadzikiswa kuburikidza nezviito, zvinoda zvinhu, uye kupa mavambo kumabasa. Kuisa zviitiko, uye kunyanya zviitiko zvehupfumi, tinoshandisa National Classification yeEconomic Activities (CNAE).
Zviitwa zvinogona zvakare kurongeka zvichienderana nehunyanzvi. Muchiitiko ichi, kupatsanurwa kwezviitiko zvehunyanzvi zvinosanganisirwa muEconomic Activities Tax (IAE) inogona kutorwa sereferensi, inova dhizaini iyo vese vanozvishandira nyanzvi vanofanirwa kunyorera.
Saizvozvo, zviitwa zvinogona kukamurwa nezvidzidzo zvedzidzo. Muchiitiko ichi, chirevo chedu ndecheUNESCO Nomenclature (zviri pamutemo: International Standard Nomenclature yeminda yesainzi uye tekinoroji).
Chekupedzisira, Sapiens inopawo yavo taxonomy yenzvimbo zvinoenderana nemaonero enharaunda, imwe neimwe ine madiki-ayo.
Chekupedzisira, masisitimu ekambani ane zvinhu zvakati wandei, mamwe acho ari masisitimu, sekuronga, kuronga uye mashandiro ehurongwa kana ruzivo rwemaitiro, uye mamwe asiri masisitimu, senge mishoni, chiono uye kukosha. Mapato ese aya etaxonomic akabatana uye ndiwo anozotitungamira mukati mekudzidza kwedu, umo isu tichachengetedza nekubatanidza, neiyo disaggregated index inozotibatsira uye ichave mutungamiri wedu.
