Sapiens ke filosofi ea rona le mokhoa oa rona. Ka mantsoe a mang, ke tsela ea rona ea ho bona lintho le tsela eo re sebetsang ka eona mererong ea rona ea lipatlisiso. Empa ha rea ​​ka ra iqapela sethunya, ha rea ​​ka ra qala ho tloha qalong. Re sebelisa pono ea rona, empa re ipapisitse le mekhoa e entsoeng ke ba bang pele.  

Ha re bua le batho ba bangata ba fapaneng le ho ithuta mehloli e mengata e fapaneng, re tsebile likhopolo-taba tse ngata le litšupiso tse ling tse re susumelitseng, ’me re kenyelelitse likarolo tsa tsona kaofela mekhoeng ea rōna. Ho latela boiphihlelo ba rona, re entse motsoako oa rona le tlhaloso ea rona.

Joalo ka ha re entse ka reschorenteng ka ntho e 'ngoe le e' ngoe eo re e kentseng le e neng e se e hlahisitsoe pele, re nka ho le bohlokoa ho hlokomela moo e tsoang teng. Karolo ena e bokella le ho kopanya khetho ea litšupiso tse hlokomelehang, tse hlophisitsoeng ka li-blocks tse nne tse kholo.

Thibelo e kholo ke ea theory ea litsamaiso, sete sa menehelo ea li-interdisciplinary tseo litsamaiso tsa thuto, tseo re ka li hlalosang e le lihlopha tsa likarolo tse amanang le tse ling. E tsoa khopolong ea litsamaiso tse akaretsang tsa setsebi sa baeloji. Ludwig von Bertalanffy, e ileng ea e-ba le tšusumetso e khōlō lithutong tse fapaneng tsa saense, ’me e tsoela pele ho ba tšupiso ea motheo tlhahlobong ea mefuta eohle ea litsamaiso, ho akarelletsa le lihlopha tsa batho.

Ludwig von Bertalanffy

Ludwig von Bertalanffy, ea hlahetseng Austria ka 1901 'me a hlokahalla United States ka 1972, e ne e le e mong oa litsebi tsa thuto ea bohlokoa ka ho fetisisa tsa thuto ea baeloji halofong ea pele ea lekholo la boXNUMX la lilemo. O tsebahala ka hore o hlahisitse Khopolo ea Tsamaiso ea Kakaretso, e simolohileng thutong ea baeloji empa e sebetsa lefapheng lefe kapa lefe, mme eena ka boeena o e sebelisitse ho psychology le mahlale a sechaba. E ne e le moprofesa liunivesithing tse 'maloa tsa Austria, United Kingdom, United States le Canada.

Khopolo ea tsamaiso e fetohile 'me e sebelisitsoe lefats'eng la khoebo ho tloha, ka holim'a tsohle, ho litlatsetso ka Peter Senge, ea hlahisitseng khopolo ea mokhatlo oa khoebo e le tsamaiso, le ea ileng a etsa tlhahiso ea ho nahana ka mokhoa oa tsamaiso e le senotlolo sa mekhatlo e bitsoang e bohlale, kapa mekhatlo e ithutang. Ka mor'a moo, sena se ile sa hlahisa ts'ebeliso ea khopolo ea moferefere mekhatlong, le mohopolo oa mekhoa e rarahaneng ea mekhoa ea khoebo.

peter seng

Peter Senge, ea hlahetseng United States ka 1947, ke moenjiniere oa lifofane ho tsoa Univesithing ea Stanford mme o na le lengolo la masters la ho etsa mohlala oa litsamaiso tsa sechaba le lengolo la bongaka la botsamaisi ho tsoa Setsing sa Theknoloji sa Massachusetts. O tsebahala ka ho fetolela mehopolo e sa utloahaleng ea theory ea litsamaiso ho lithulusi tsa konkreite bakeng sa ho sekaseka mekhatlo. E bile moprofesa liunivesithing tse 'maloa, haholo Setsing sa Theknoloji sa Massachusetts.

Li-blocks tse ling tse tharo ke: tsebo le saense, thuto le puisano, khoebo le boiqapelo. Pakeng tsa boraro ba bona ba bokella le ho kopanya litšupiso tse ling tse mashome a mabeli, ka tsela e khuts'oane. Li-blocks tsena li tsamaisana le libaka tse kholo tseo re thehang likamano tse fapaneng ho tsona elBullirestaurante.

Tsena ke, ka li-block, litšupiso tsa mantlha tsa mokhoa oa Sapiens:

Ho feta moo, re bile le litšupiso tse ling tse kang: the 7s ea mohlala ea McKinsey (Robert H. Waterman le Tom Peters), the tsamaiso 3.0 (Jurgen Appelo), oa setšoantšo sa likamano, ea buka ea oslo (OECD), the mohlala oa booki (Betty Neuman), the khopolo ea tlokotsi (Rene Thom), the buka ea Frascati (OECD), the Khopolo ea kelello, la epistemology, ea kgutlotharo ya boiqapelo (Paul Pascale), oa bohlale bo bongata (Howard Gardner), oa maikutlo a boithaopo ba ketso, buka Lintho li tsoaloa joang (Bruno Munari), the khopolo ea bonono, ea boraro y quadrivium, thuto e thehiloeng morerong le thuto e akaretsang.